Python (Programming Language)
Python
is a widely used general purpose, high level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readabilityand its syntax allows programmers to
express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be possible in languages
such as C++ or Java, The language provides constructs intended to enable clear
programs on both a small and large scale.Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and functional programming or procedural styles. It features a dynamic type
system and automatic memory management
and has a large and comprehensivestandard library.
Python was conceived in the late 1980, and its
implementation was started in December 1989 by Guido van
Rossum at CWI in the Netherlands
as a successor to the ABC language (it self inspired by SETL) capable of exception handling and interfacing with the Amoeba operating system. Van Rossum is
Python's principal author, and his continuing central role in deciding the
direction of Python is reflected in the title given to him by the Python
community, benevolent dictator for life
(BDFL).
About the origin
of Python, Van Rossum wrote in 1996.
Over six years
ago, in December 1989, I was looking for a "hobby" programming
project that would keep me occupied during
the week around Christmas. My office, would be closed, but I had a home
computer, and not much else on my hands. I decided
to write an interpreter for the new scripting language I had been thinking
about lately: a descendant of ABC that would appeal to Unix/Chackers. I chose Python as
a working title for the project, being in a slightly irreverent mood (and a big
fan of Monty Python's Flying Circus).
Python 2.0 was
released on 16 October 2000 and had many major new features, including a
cycle-detecting garbage collector and
support for Unicode.
With this release the development process was changed and became more
transparent and community-backed.
Python 3.0 (also
called Python 3000 or py3k), was released on 3 December 2008 after a long
period of testing. Many of its major features have been backported
to the backwards-compatible Python 2.6 and 2.7.
Some of the advantages Python is
well known for include :
1. Ease
of learning
2. Portability
3. Dynamic
typing and integration with other languages.
4. Python
does not use any syntax whatsoever, instead tabb and spacing play an important
role in program flow.
5. With
the absence of syntax developers wishing to use Python need not learn any new
rules.
6. Developers
need only understand the functionality of Python to use it, it is estimated
that the development process proceeds 5 to 10 times faster then in other
languages such as Java or C/C++.
7. With
the capabilities of running on most operating system platforms from Windows to
Linux to OS X, Python is a language with very few boundaries.
8. A
program written in Python, for one platform, using only the standard libraries
can easily be ported to another operating system without need for recompiling
or repackaging.
9. Python
is even capable of operating on several types of Nokia cell phones.
One
of the main disadvantages of Python is that it is an interpreted language. Most of the other disadvantages of Python
deal with the personal preferences of developers.
The disadvantages of Python
include:
1. Language
translation
2. Documentation
and the use of modules. Rather then compiling a Python program and then running
it, the program is interpreted at runtime. Languages such as Java or C/C++ have
over head before the program begins execution so that programs run much
quicker, with a Python program the interpreter reads the code and determines
what to do while the program is executing.
3. Python
adds the over head on interpretation to the runtime of the program which can
lead to a slower runtime. It is estimated
that Python runs 1-5 times slower then Java or C/C++.
4. Because
of its lack of syntax Python is an easy language to program in however it is not very simple to translate a
Python program into any other language. The translation from Python to another
language would require the user to
carefully examine the structure of the code and make sure to implement the same
structure using the syntax of the new programming language.
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